New York University (Uptown) - (B.A. 1961)
State University of New York - Downstate Medical Center - (M.D. 1965)
Albert Einstein College of Medicine - BMHC - Internship & Residency (1965-67, 1969-72)
Captain, U.S.A.F.,M.C.-Wright Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, Ohio (1967-1969)
Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center-Cardiothoracic Surgery Residency (1972-1974)
Mechanical Circulatory Support - Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping
Research on Artifical Blood Vessels
Valvular Heart Surgery
Pulsatile Cardiopulmonary Bypass
CPR - Abdominal Counterpulsation