Columbia University (BA, 1967)
New York University Medical School (MD, 1971)
NYU-Bellevue General Surgery Internship (1971-72)
NYU-Bellevue General Surgery Residency (1972-73)
Lenox Hill Hospital General Surgery Residency (1973-76)
LCDR, U.S. Navy--Active Duty (1976-78)
St. Luke's Hospital of Kansas City Cardiothoracic Surgical Residency (1978-80)