University of Michigan (M.D. 1969) + Internship
USPHS Indian Health (1971-1972)
Electromechanical coupling of heart (NIH Academic Surgeon 1972-1974)
University of Virginia General Surgery Residency (1974 - 19
University of Virginia Cardiothoracic Residency (completed 1979)
Founder of Prairie Cardiovascular Center
CABG
Electrophysiology and device therapy
Aviation
Post bypass physiology
Equestrian sports