Riga Medical University, Latvia (1969 - 1972) Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia (1972 - 1975) Tbilisi State Medical University, Georgia (MD, 1975) Tbilisi State Medical University General Surgery Residency, Georgia (1975 - 1976) Antelava Cardiothoracic Residency. Tbilisi, Georgia (1978) Bakoulev Cardiovascular Residency. Moscow, Russia (PhD, 1982 - 1988)
Circulation; Heart Failure; Muscular Counterpulsation; Bio-Mechanical Heart Support; Fatique-Resistans Electromyostimulation; Heart & Mascular Phisiology; Cardio-myoplasty