University of Toronto (BSc1980)
University of Calgary (MD 1983)
Dalhousie University (Internship 1984)
University of Toronto General Surgery Residency (85-90)
University of Toronto (MSc 1986-88)
University of Toronto Cardiovascular and Thoracic residency (90-92)
cardiac tumours
TAVI
alternate methods of revascularization
pacemaker and defibrillator insertion,revisions and extractions
transplant and vad
off pump cardiac surgery
heart failure