Western Michigan University (B.S. 1974)
Michigan State University (Ph.D. Physiology, 1980)
University of Virginia Sch. of Med. (M.D. 1986)
University of Virginia Gen. Surgery Reisdency (1986-1991)
University of Virginia Cardiothoracic Residency (1991-1993)
Attending Surgeon Mission Hospitals (1993-present)