University of Oulu (MD, 1984)
University of Oulu, General Surgery Residency (1984-90)
University of Oulu, Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Residency (1990-1992)
University of Oulu, PhD thesis (1993)
Dept. of CTS, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA, Asst. Res. Professor (1995-97)
Oulu University Hospital, Chief of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery (1998-2000)
University of Oulu, Department of Surgery, Professor and Chairman (2000-present)
Chief of Cardiac Surgery, Heart and Lung Center HUCH, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland (2015-present)
Cross Country Skiing
Hunting
Aortic Surgery
Natural History of Aortic Disease
Brain Protection during Operations on Aortic Arch