Westminster College (A.B. 1941)
Northwestern University (M.S. 1943)
Northwestern University (M.D. 1946)
Cook County Hospital, Chicago, Internship (1945-1946)
U.S. Navy, lieutenant (1946-1948)
Geisinger Memorial Hospital Surgery Residency (1948-1951)
Hospital for Sick Children, Cardiovascular Surgery Fellowship (1956-1957)
Toronto General Hospital Cardiovascular Surgery Residency (1957-1958)