National Outcomes of Cardiac Surgery in Patients Receiving Kidney Replacement Therapy

This population-based observational cohort study examined short-term postoperative outcomes for adults undergoing cardiac surgery in Australia, focusing on patients receiving kidney replacement therapy. Among 114,496 surgeries, 1,241 involved long-term dialysis patients and 298 involved kidney transplant recipients, both of whom experienced higher mortality rates compared to the general cardiac surgical population, particularly in valve-with-coronary artery bypass grafting procedures. Despite being younger at the time of surgery, both cohorts faced significantly elevated risks of operative mortality, with dialysis patients showing the highest adjusted odds of mortality.