Indwelling pleural catheters for non-malignant effusions: a multicentre review of practice

This multcenter UK review identified 57 patients who underwent indwelling pleural catheter (IPC) insertion for benign causes, primarily hepatic hydrothorax and non-infectious pleuritis.  Infection occurred in 3.5% and successful pleurodesis was achieved in 33% at a median of 71 days.  Hepatic hydrothorax was associated with a much lower rate of pleurodesis.